The History of Christmas
By: Destry Jackson
Several of the Christmas traditions celebrated throughout the world have been
around long before Jesus was born. Jesus was the reason for the Christian celebrations,
but many of the original traditions were around much longer.
Some of the original traditions, such as the twelve days of Christmas, actually
started with the ancient Mesopotamian celebration of Zagmuk, celebrating the New Year,
when their head god Marduk would do battle against evil monsters for twelve days.
Their customs also included that their king should be slain with Marduk in the battle and
come back to help him with the battle the next year, but instead of using their real king,
they would have a criminal dressed as the king and call him the king. Then, at the end of
the twelve days, the criminal would have the royal clothes taken off him and be killed.
The Mesopotamians did this in order to save their real king from having to be killed. The
Persians and Babylonians had a similar celebration called the Sacaea, which included a
ritual where slaves would be the masters, and the masters had to obey orders.
In Scandinavia, the sun often disappears for days at a time during the winter, and
so after thirty-five days, there would be a scouting group sent out to climb up the tallest
hill and see if they could spot the return of the sun. As soon as the sun was spotted, the
scouting group would return and the festival of Yuletide would begin, when the people
celebrated the return of the sun. Burning yule logs was part of this celebration. They
would choose out really large logs of wood and see how long each one took to burn. Big
celebrations took place around the fires burning the yule logs, and many more bonfires
would be lit to celebrate the return of the sun.
The Romans had a celebration from mid-December to January 1st, celebrating the
god Saturn. This celebration was called Saturnalia, and included huge feasts, visiting
friends, masquerades, and giving gifts. The main greeting of their celebration was “Jo
Saturnalia!” In their halls for this celebration, they decked up pine trees with candles, in
one of the first uses of what we know as Christmas trees.
When the early Christian church came along, they wanted to ban the merry
celebrations of the Roman pagans, and have the celebration of Jesus’s birthday as being
solemn and religious, not cheerful and merry. However, many of the early Christians
chose instead to keep the celebration as merry, but to turn it into a celebration for Jesus,
not for any pagan god. When the Puritans came to North America, they proclaimed that
Christmas should be a solemn and religious holiday instead of giving gifts and focusing
on celebrations and feasts.
Santa Claus came around as part of the legend of St. Nicholas. St. Nicholas
really existed, as he was a cardinal in the early church, about 400 years or so after Jesus.
Cardinals, even in the early church, wore red robes on formal occasions, hence the red
suit on Santa Claus. St. Nicholas was also very rich, but very generous with his money.
As a wealthy man, he would’ve had plenty of things to eat if he so desired, so wealthy
people were usually pictured as fat, hence why Santa is pictured as being so chubby. St.
Nicholas was known to give gold pieces in small bags to people whose daughters desired
to get married, but didn’t have a dowry. How he gave the bags of gold away was the
most memorable. He would toss the bags in through the window, but if the window was
locked, he tossed the bags down the chimney to where the daughters would dry their
stockings. This led to the tradition of stockings by the fireplace and Santa coming down
the chimney. St. Nicholas also lived a very long life before he passed away, and that’s
probably the reason that Santa is pictured as being very old.
Almost all of the traditions we celebrate at Christmas have their beginnings in
other cultures or simple stories of regular people who really lived, but the most important
of all is the birth of Jesus Christ. He is the true reason for the season. We should
remember that above everything else. Jesus loved us so much that he chose to give up
his Heavenly throne and become one of us. He was born to die for our sins and rose from
the dead to give us eternal life. That is the true reason why we celebrate Christmas, and
we should always remember to give Him the thanks and praise for this wonderful time of
year. Merry Christmas and God bless!!!